100日学英语法（86——100天）
** Day 86 **
(4) 列表比较
Direct Indirect
speech --> speech
this --> that
these --> those
here --> there
today --> that day
yesterday --> the day before,the previous day
the day before yesterday --> two days before
tomorrow -->the next day,the following day
the day after tomorrow --> two days later
one hour ago --> one hour before
next week --> the next/following week
next month --> the next/following month
I --> he(she)
we --> they(we)
my --> his(her)
our --> their(our)
you --> I (we)
(5)容易出现的错误:
当直接引语是客观真理，变成间接引语时误将从属子句的谓语动词也变成了过去式：
e.g.
He said to his students, "The sun is much bigger than the earth."
他对他的学生们说：＂太阳比地球大很多。〃
He said to his students that the sun was much bigger than the earth.
He said to his students that the sun is much bigger than the earth.
2.当从属子句是疑问句时：
(1) 从属子句是一般疑问句，变成间接引语，要在主句的谓语动词之后，从属子句之前加上一个表示选择的连接词whether等，结构是:主词+谓语动词+whether/if +从属子句（从属子句的主谓不颠倒）
e.g.
He asked,"Is it going to rain?"
他问："要下雨了吗？"
He asked whether it was going to rain.
他问是否将下雨。
e.g.
He asked me,"Do you want to go home?"
他问我："想回家吗？"
He asked me whether I wanted to go home.
他问我是否想回家。
e.g.
He asked," Have you finished your work?"
他问："你工作做完了吗？"
He asked whether I had finished my work.
他问我是否已做完了工作。
从上面例句可看出，如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语后，它就变成了陈述句语气，由whether（或者if）引导作主句谓语动词的受词。
另一个特点就是这些疑问句都是"Yes/No question."也就是说问者要求答案是"是"或者"不是".即"yes"或"no".
(2) 当直接引语是特殊疑问句时。
当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，变成间接引语只是将特殊疑问词提到从属子句主词的前面，而子句的谓语动词应放在其主词之后，结构如下：
主句主词+主句谓语+特殊疑问词+子句主词+子句谓语+其他
e.g.
He asked, "How long have you been in the army?"
他问："你在军队里服役多久？"
He asked me how long I had been in the army.
他问我在军队服役有多久。
He asked the foreigner,"Where do you come from?"
他问那位外国人："你从哪儿来？"
He asked the foreigner where he came from.
他问那位外国人他从哪儿来。
从上面例子可以看出，如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语后应为陈述句语序。原来若有助动词，在间接引语中要取消助动词，如上最后一例，但必须将特殊疑问词提到从属子句前面。引导从属子句作主句谓语动词的受词。
3.当直接引语是感叹句时：
由于感叹句型是多种多样的，其中一个显着特点就是省略，有的省略主词，有的省略动词, 有的省略形容词或副词，但无论哪一种省略，在变成间接引语后都必须将省略的成份补充出来，并且句式要作一定的调整。
e.g.
She said,"What a clever boy!"
她说："多聪明的一个孩子啊！"
She said the boy was very clever.
她说那个孩子非常聪明。
He complained,"How hot it is!"
他抱怨道："天气好热啊！"
He complained it was too hot.
他抱怨说天气太热了。
He cried,"How beautiful the designs are!"
他叫道："多漂亮的图案啊！"
He said the designs were very beautiful.
他说那些图案非常漂亮。
易犯的错：
当直接引语是感叹句，变成间接引语易犯的错误是将一个感叹句生搬硬套在主句的谓语动词之后：
e.g.
She said to me,"How handsome you are!"
她对我说："你好英俊！"
She said to me that I was very handsome.
她对我说我非常英俊。
She said to me how handsome I was.
** Day 87 **
4. 当直接引语是祈使句时
当直接引语是祈使句时，变成间接引语要变成：
ask sb to do,（表示命令）ask sb not to do sth. 表示禁止）
e.g.
"Don't trouble me!"he said to me.
"别烦我!" 他对我说。
---- He asked me not to trouble him.
他叫我不要烦他。
e.g.
"Don't draw on the walls!" the mother said to her son.
"别在墙上画！"那位母亲对她儿子说。
---- The mother asked her son not to draw on the walls.
那位母亲对她儿子说不要在墙上画画。
"Keep quiet!" the teacher said to the students.
"保持安静！"那位老师对学生们说。
The teacher asked the students to keep quiet.
那位老师叫学生们保持安静。
"Follow me!"I said to him.
"跟我学！" 我对他说。
I asked him to follow me.
我让他跟我学。
在这一部份中容易犯的错误是对直接引语的否定，在变化过程中误用为对主句谓语动词的否定。
e.g.
"Don't drink the dirty water!" I said to my son.
"不要喝脏水！"我对我儿子说。
I didn't ask my son to drink the dirty water.
我没叫我儿子喝脏水。
I told my son not to drink dirty water.
这样后者表达的意思同前句表达的意思就完全不同了。总之，无论何种情况，直接引语变为间接引语后意思应不改变。
#Exercise#
请将下列间接引语转变成直接引语：
1. Tom told me that he had graduated from a university five years before.
Tom said to me,"I graduated from a university five years ago."
2. The boy said he had finished his homework.
The boy said,"I have finished my homework."
3. The driver told me on the phone that he would pick me up at my home.
The driver said to me on the phone,"I will pick you up at your home."
4. He asked me whether I would lend my dictionary to him.
He asked me,"Will you lend me your dictionary?"
5. She asked me whether it was going to rain.
She asked me,"Is it going to rain?"
6. He said my son was very lovely.
He said,"How lovely your son is !"/He said,"What a lovely boy your son is!"
7. The girl said that the weather was very good for a picnic.
The girl said,"How good the weather is for a picnic!"
8. Our headmaster asked us not to smoke in the classroom.
Our headmaster said to us,"Don't smoke in the classroom!"
9.My mother asked me to go home at ten o'clock.
My mother said to me,"Go home at ten o'clock."
10. Peter asked me to wait for him at the gate.
Peter said to me,"Will you wait for me at the gate?"
** Day 88 **
X. PARTICIPLES分词
分词可分为现在分词和过去分词
现在分词(Present Participle)
a. 形式(form)
Verb（动词）+ ing 但须注意：
1. 当动词以不发音的字母 e 结尾时，应先去掉 e 再加＂_ing〃.
love ---- loving
argue ---- arguing
（但字尾是 ee 的动词除外）
2. 当动词只有一个母音（即a、e、i、o、u），且字尾是一个子音时（即非a、e、i、o、u），要双写结尾的字母再加- ing.
hit ---- hitting
run ---- running
如果有两个或多个音节(syllable) 的动词最后一个音节符合上述条件且重音(stress) 落在该音节，变现在分词时，也要双写最后一个字母。
begin----beginning
admit----admitting
3. -ing 可以加在字母是 y 的动词后面而不影响其串法。
carry----carrying
hurry----hurrying
b.现在分词的功能：
1.作形容词(adjective)：译作中文时，通常有＂的〃之意。
running water （流动的水）
boiling water（沸腾的水）
growing crops（生长中的谷物）
a crying baby（一个哭泣中的婴儿）
2. 现在分词可构成进行时态(continuous tense)
e.g.:
He is reading.
他在看书。
You have been waiting.
你一直在等。
** Day 89 **
3. 在感官动词之后（这些感官动词包括see，hear，feel，smell 及listen(to) ，notice。） e.g.:
I saw flames rising and heard people shouting.
我看见火焰升起，听到人群在叫喊。
I heard someone knocking at my door.
我听到有人在敲我的门。
I smell something burning.
我闻到一些东西被烧着的气味。
I felt the house shaking.
我感到房屋在摇晃。
I found her lying at the foot of the stairs.
我发现她躺在楼梯下。
I watched them rehearsing the play.
我观看他们排练那幕剧。
4. 用于 "have +object + present participle" 中
They have their lights burning all night long.
他们让灯通宵亮着。
= They kept their lights burning all night long.
You had me swimming in a week.
你使得我能在一周内游泳。= Owing to your efforts I was swimming in a week.
I won't have him shouting in the classroom.
我不允许他在教室内喧哗。
5. spend / waste +表时间或金钱用语 +现在分词
He didn't spendmuch time preparing his lessons.
他备课没花多少时间。
He wasted a whole afternoon trying to repair his watch.
他花了一整个下午想修好他的手表。
He spent just one hour finishing his homework.
他只用了一个小时就完成他的功课。
He spent a lot of money buying new clothes.
他花了许多钱买新衣服。
6. be busy + 现在分词（表示忙于做某事）
They are busy packing.
他们忙于包装。
Everyone is busy earning money.
每个人都忙着赚钱。
** Day 90 **
7. 现在分词可取代并列分句和从属子句。
当同一主词所做的两个动作同时发生时，其中一个动作是另一动作的描述，后者就可以用现在分词来表示。
He rode away. /He whistled as he went.
他坐车走了。
当他走时他吹着口哨。
He rode away whistling.
他吹着口哨坐车离去了。
这里whistle 是在rode away 这个动作同时发生且是对rodeaway 的状态的描述。另外，Participle可以放在一句子之开端。表示原因：
（1） I feel good because / as / since I meet my students again.
因为我又见到了我的学生，所以我感到很好。
"I feel good" 是"果" 我感到很好。
"I meet my students"是"因" 我遇见了我的学生。
若两句之主词（subject）相等，（在这例句中是 "I"） 则可以把＂因〃之句的动词变为Participle （即v +ing ）即可变为：
Meeting my students again, I feel good!
（2） John could hardly see the blackboard because / as / since he forgot to bring his glasses.
由于 John 忘了把眼镜带来，所以他几乎看不见黑板。
Forgetting to bring his glasses, John could hardly see the blackboard.
表时间：
（1） When the superstar came out of the car, he was greeted by his fans.
当那位超级巨星从车内走出时，受到了他的影迷们的欢迎。
Coming out of the car, the superstar was greeted by his fans.
（2） When I knew the result of my quiz, I giggled.
我一听到我测试的结果就傻笑了起来。
Knowing my quiz result, I giggled.
当比较两个动作时：
（1） After I had finished my homework, I went to bed.
我做完功课后就去睡觉了。
可以写成：Having finished my homework, I went to bed.
（2） After John had run for 20 metres, he was out of breath.
约翰跑完了二十公尺后，上气不接下气。
Having run for 20 metres, John was out of breath.
注意：主句和从属子句之主词（subject）必须是同一人。
After John had written the letter , Mary typed it.
该句就不能写成：Having written the letter, Mary typed it.
= (After Mary had written the letter , Mary typed it.)
因此若主句和从属子句之主词（subject）不同时，而我们又想用participle ，则要仿照下例：
（1） As it was a bit cold, she decided not to swim.
因为有一些冷，她决定不去游泳。
把"因"之从属子句主词(subject)先写下来，再把动词转为Participle，其他则可以保持不变。
It being a bit cold, she decided not to swim.
（2） The rain had stopped, so they continued the trip.
因为雨停了，所以他们继续旅行。
---The rain having stopped, they continued the trip.
** Day 91 **
8. 当同一主词所做的动作紧跟着另一动作时，其中第一个动作可用现在分词来表示，但这分词必须置于另一动词之前。
e.g.
（1） He put on the cap and went out.
他戴上帽子就出去了。
Putting on the cap, he went out.
（2）He opened the drawer and took out a revolver.
他打开抽屉，取出一把左轮手枪。
Opening the drawer, he took out a revolver.
9. 当第二个动作构成第一个动作一部份或是第一个动作的结果时，我们可以用现在分词来表示第二个动作。
e.g.
（1） I fired,wounding one of the bandits.
我开了枪，击伤了其中一个强盗。
（2） He went out,slamming the door.他走出去，（随后）砰地一声关上了门。
（3） The boy fell down, striking his head against the door and cutting it.
那个男孩跌倒了，头撞在门上，受伤了。
句中，slam是go out 动作的一部分。
（1） 及（3）中，现在分词表示的动作是第一个分词动作的结果。
** Day 92 **
过去分词(Past participle)
a. 形式：
规则动词(regular verb) 的过去分词是在动词后加 ed / d 构成。
e.g.
work ---- worked
love ---- loved
b. 过去分词的功能
1. 作形容词：
e.g.
stolen money（被偷去的钱）
spoken English（口头英语）
fallen leaves（落下的叶子）
a shocked student（一个受惊的学生）
2. 构成完成时式 (perfect tense)及被动语态 (Passive voice)
e.g.:
（1） I have seen the film.
我已看过这部电影。
（2）My window was broken by your son.
我的窗户被你的儿子打破了。
3. 过去分词可取代＂主词(subject) +动词被动语态(passive verb)〃
e.g.
He entered a house . He was followed by a spy.
He entered a house, followed by a spy.
他进入屋内，被一个间谍所跟踪。
常犯错误：
a. 若主词同时发出或一前一后发出两个动作时，误将表伴随或结果的动词当作主动词。
e.g.
（1）He walked away. He sang as he went.
He sang walking away.
He walked away singing.
（2）She cried and woke my baby up.
She woke my baby up crying.
She cried, waking my baby up.
b. 分词的主词与句子主词不一致时，误将分词主词置于分词之后：
e.g.
Being fine the day, we decided to go swimming.
The day being fine, we decided to go swimming.
但如果分词的主词和句子的主词是同一名词或代名词时，分词前面就不必再加名词或代名词：
Being a teacher,he was strict with himself.
作为一个老师，他对自己要求甚为严格。
这里 Being 的主词与主句主词 he 指的是同一个人。
c. 对分词的否定作错的写法。
e.g.
Doesn't knowing how to spell this word, I ask him. Knowing not how to spell this word, I ask him.
Not knowing how to spell this word, I ask him.
d. 如果分词主词同主句主词不一致时，省去分词主词造成意义上的混乱。
Being five, his mother died.
这样句子的意思就变成了：
When his mother was five, she died.
显然这个句子在逻辑上是矛盾的。如果在分词前面补出主词逻辑就对了。
He being five, his mother died.
Waiting for a bus, a brick fell on my head.
上面这句按语法分析 waiting 的主词是 a brick ，这显然是不合乎逻辑的。故应改为：
As I was waiting for a bus, a brick fell on my head.
** Day 93 **
f. When using this machine, it must be checked.
以上句子分词using的主词按逻辑分析应该是某人，可是从字面上分析却是it，故是错的：
When you use this machine,it must be checked.
或 When you use this machine, you must check it.
（4） 与present participle 一样，past participle 亦可放在句首，表示原因。
e.g.
Peter was sent to hospital because /since /as he was bitten by a dog.= Bitten by a dog, Peter was sent to hospital.
当比较两个动作时:
e.g.
After Tom had been scolded by Mrs. Lee, he worked much harder.
= Having been scolded by Mrs. Lee, Tom worked much harder.
e.g.
After Tammy had been saved by the policemen, she respected the police very much.
= Having been saved by the policemen, Tammy respected the police very much.
#Exercise 1#
依照例句改写句子。
Example:
Every student wants to read that story book which is very interesting.
Every student wants to read that interesting story book.
每个学生都想看那本有趣的故事书。
1. The baby who is sleeping is my son.
The sleeping baby is my son.
2. Last night, I watched a movie which was terrifying.
Last night, I watched a terrifying movie.
3. Tom is just a child who is growing.
Tom is just a growing child.
4. Mark really enjoys the music that is relaxing.
Mark really enjoys the relaxing music.
5. Mary could not help crying when she read the ending of the story which is so moving.
Mary could not help crying when she read the moving ending of the story.
6. I tried to forget the news that was disappointing, but I failed.
I tried to forget the disappointing news, but I failed.
7. The policemen chased the thief who was running.
The policemen chased the running thief.
8. Have you ever seen a hen that can swim?
Have you ever seen a swimming hen?
9. The lifeguard tried to save the man who was dying.
The lifeguard tried to save the dying man.
10. I'm reading a story which moves me.
I'm reading a moving story.
#Exercise 2#
用括号内所提供之动词，以正确时态（Tense）完成下列各句。
1. "Diane can't come to the phone because she (wash) # # her hair."
is washing
2. Kathy usually sits in the front row in class, but today she (sit) # # in the last row.
is sitting
3. Please be quiet . I (try)# # to concentrate.
am trying
4. I wrote to my wife last week. She hasn't answered my letter yet.I (wait,still)# # for a reply.
am still waiting
5. Jim found his old comic book when he (clean) # # his room.
was cleaning
#Exercise 3#
将下列各句改写成含有现在分词的句子。
Example ：
I heard that she was booking tickets.
I heard her booking tickets.
我听到她在预订票子。
1.I heard that she was reading English.
I heard her reading English.
2.I see that he is shooting at a bird.
I see him shooting at a bird.
3.I feel that you are trembling.
I feel you trembling.
4.I noticed that some rats were stealing my rice.
I noticed some rats stealing my rice.
5.I smelt that some plastics were burning.
I smelt some plastics burning.
#Exercise 4#
用括号内所提供的动词以正确形式完成下列各句。
1. She spent half an hour (dress) # # her baby.
dressing
2. I wasted two hours (look)# # for my lost key.
looking
3. He spent a lot of money (modernize)# # his house.
modernizing
4. I'm busy (prepare)# # my lessons.
preparing
5. He is busy (talk)# # with the guests.
Talking
#Exercise 5#
仿照例句, 把下列各句改写。
e.g.
John was cold, so he put on more clothes.=> Being cold, John put on more clothes.
1. The neighbours heard a scream, so they called the police.
Hearing a scream, the neighbours called the police.
2. The students took a rest as / because / since they felt tired.
Feeling tired, the students took a rest.
#Exercise 6#
仿照例句，把下列各句改写。
e.g.
When Peter got his report,he laughed.
=> Getting his report, Peter laughed.
1. When Mary saw Andy Lau, she screamed!
Seeing Andy Lau, Mary screamed.
2. When the boy heard his mother coming, he pretended to be sleeping.
Hearing his mother coming, the boy pretended to be sleeping.
3. When Mr. Smith saw that fierce dog, he cried.
Seeing that fierce dog, Mr. Smith cried.
4. When the children were playing in the mountain, they found a suspicious man.
Playing in the mountain, the children found a suspicious man.
#Exercise 7#
将下列各句改写成含participle 的句子。
1. After I had taken a rest, I went on with my work.
Having taken a rest, I went on with my work.
2. As he didn't know how to operate the computer, he asked one of his workmates for
help.
Not knowing how to operate the computer, he asked one of his workmates for help.
3. If the weather is fine, we will have a picnic.
The weather being fine, we will have a picnic.
4. As he did not wake up on time, he was late.
Not waking up on time, he was late.
#Exercise 8#
1.从括号内选出适当的词填充。
1. There are many # # (falling, fallen) leaves on the ground.
fallen
2. The audience is # #(excited,exciting) by the football match.
excited
3. If she catches you # # (read, reading) her diary , she'll be furious.
reading
4. You'd better have your hair # #. (cutting, cut)
cut
5. They had their lights # # (burning, burnt) all night long.
burning
6. They are busy # #(preparing, prepared)for the examination.
preparing
2. 判断下面的句子是否正确，如果正确，就在括号内打上（T），如果是错误的，就在括号内打上（F）。
1. ( ) Eating his dinner, he rushed out of the house.
F/f
2. ( ) Reading the instructions, he snatched up the fire extinguisher.
F/f
3. ( ) Failing twice, he didn't want to try again.
F/f
4.( ) Interesting by the film, John went to see the film twice.
F/f
5. ( ) Having been warned about the bandits, he left his valuables at home.
T/t
6. ( ) Stunned by the blow, Peter fell down.
T/t
#Exercise 9#
从下列每句后面所给的四个答案中选最佳答案，完成句子。
1. # # for 100 meters, David was exhausted!
A. Swum B. Swimming C. Having swum D. Having swim
C/c
2. # #, many people go to the beach.
A. The weather being fine B. The weather having been fine C. Being fine D. Fine being
A/a
3. # # a teacher for 20 years, Mrs. Wong retired last year.
A. Been B. Being C. Having been D. Having been being
C/c
4. # #, our house lost the swimming gala.
A. Have not been properly trained B. Not having been properly trained C. Not have been being properly trained D. Not been trained
B/b
5. # # down by that stranger, Tom was furious.
A. Knocked B. Knocking C. Having knocking D. Been knocked
A/a
6. # # the homework for 5 hours, I took a nap.
A. Having done B. Does C. Doing D. Being done
A/a
** Day 94 **
Y.NOUN CLAUSE名词子句
a.定义：
名词子句（Noun clauses）具有自己的主词（subject）和动词（verb），但它又可在句中作名词或代名词（pronoun）的作用。
b.名词子句的作用
1. 作动词（Verb）的主词（Subject），置于动词之前。
e.g.
What you said(noun clause/subject) sounds(verb) reasonable.
你说的话听起来有道理。
Where we will go (noun clause/ subject) is (verb) not important.
我们要去哪儿并不重要。
What they are talking about (noun clause/ subject) sounds (verb) very convincing.
他们所说的很有说服力。
How the police caught the murderer (noun clause/subject) is (verb) a total mystery to the public.
警方如何逮捕那杀人犯对大众而言是一个谜。
容易犯的错误：
(1) 当句子的主词是一个名词子句（Noun clause）时，句子的动词（Verb）一般用单数形式。
What you put in the bags (noun clause/subject) are (verb) very heavy.
你放在袋内的东西十分重。
What you put in the bags (noun clause/subject) is (verb) very heavy.
** Day 95 **
(2) 名词子句作主词，一般用疑问代名词（如：what, who）和疑问副词引导（如How, where），但名词子句（指noun clause）的主词 （subject）和动词（verb）并不颠倒。
What are you reading (noun clause) is (verb) a famous fiction.
What you are reading (noun clause) is(verb) a famous fiction.
你在读的是一篇着名的小说。
2.用作动词（Verb）的受词（object）
e.g.
I think(verb) it's going to rain.(noun clause/ object)
我看要下雨了。
He believed(verb) I was right. (noun clause/object)
他相信我是正确的。
He asked(verb) how old you were.(noun clause/object)
他问你多大年纪了。
We knew(verb) that a typhoon was approaching.(noun clause/object)
我们知道台风要来了。
容易犯的错误：
如果句子的动词是过去时态，作其受词的名词子句的谓语动词也要随之变成相应的过去时态，但如果这个子句叙述的是客观真理，其动词时态（tense）就不变。
He asked if I was hungry.
He asked if I am hungry.
He said the sun was bigger than the moon.
He said the sun is bigger than the moon.
3. 用作介词（preposition）的受词（object）
e.g.
Your mother is worrying about whether (preposition) you can return safely. (noun clause/ object)
你母亲正担心你是否能平安归来。
She felt very upset about (preposition) what you said to her. (noun clause/ object)
她为你告诉她的一切感到不安。
My father was very satisfied with (preposition) what I had achieved.(noun clause/object)
我父亲为我所取得的成就感到满意。
She was frightened by (preposition) what she heard on the radio. (noun clause/object)
她被从收音机上所听到的事吓着了。
I'm pleased with (preposition) the way you work.(noun clause/object)
我对你工作的方式感到满意。
容易犯的错误：
(1) 名词子句作介词（preposition）的受词同作动词受词一样，如果主句（main clause）是过去式时，作介词受词的从属子句也要变成相应的过去时态。但如果主句（main clause）是现在式，也允许作受词的从属子句的动词用过去式。
I'm pleased with (preposition) what you said.(noun clause/object)
我对你所说的话感到满意。
I was pleased by (preposition) what she says.(noun clause/object)
她所说的话令我高兴。
I was pleased by (preposition) what she said.(noun clause/object)
(2) 误将引导作受词的名词子句的疑问代名词省略。
The Emperor was cheated by the man said.
皇帝被那个人说的话骗了。
The Emperor was cheated by (preposition) what the man said.(nounclause/object)
His boss was not satisfied with he had achieved.
他的老板对他所完成的（工作）不满意。
His boss was not satisfied with (preposition) what he had achieved.(noun clause/object)
** Day 96 **
4. 作it的同位语（apposition），跟在动词'be','seem','appear'等后面。e.g.
It appears that she has failed.(noun clause)
看起来她失败了。
It turned out that he knew nothing about this matter.(noun clause)
其实他对这件事是一无所知。
It is glad to know that we can go home now. (noun clause)
获知现在我们就可以回家，真高兴。
5. 作名词的同位语:名词子句可用来作一个名词的同位语，紧跟在该名词后面，对名词进一步解释说明。e.g.
The news (subject) that the war has come to an end (noun clause) proved untrue.(关于)战争结束了的消息，证明不属实。
The rumour (subject) that her husband has been killed (noun clause) is untrue.
有关她丈夫被杀了的谣传是不真实的。
Your suggestion (subject) that we should put off the meeting (noun clause) is right.
你有关我们应当延迟会议的建议是正确的。
常用同位语子句的词一般有：news,rumor, suggestion, idea, claim, fact,information, plan,proposal…同位语子句只是对这些名词作解释作用，说明其所包含的内容。而不是作修饰限定的作用。引导同位语子句的词除that外，还有who,when, where, how.e.g.
Jack (subject) who was my student (noun clause) has become a very rich businessman.
Jack曾经是我的学生，现已变成非常富有的商人了。
I stayed in Beijing for three days when it was raining. (noun clause)
在北京留了三天，其间一直下雨。
My hometown is in Shanghai where there are many beautiful places. (noun clause)
我家乡在上海，那里有许多优美的地方。
容易犯的错误：
(1)The idea which we should held another meeting is strongly opposed to by most of the members.
大部份会员也反对重开会议这一提议。将句中which改为that.
(2) 主句（main clause）的动词要跟同位语子句前的名词在人称和数上保持一致，而不能同同位语子句的主词保持一致。
The information (main clause) that there are many people in the park (noun clause) are important to us.
The information (main clause) that there are many people in the park (noun clause) is important to us.
公园内有许多人的信息对我们很重要。
#Exercise 1#
将下列每组词依照例句组成一个有实际意义的句子。e.g.
disappointing/It is/cannot/to know/be promoted to F.6 /that/John
It is disappointing to know that John cannot be promoted to F.6.
1. It /a famous writer /was /to me /she /occurred/ that
It occurred to me that she was a famous writer.*
2. we/on time/can't/seems/reach/It /that /there
It seems that we can't reach there on time.
3.It/appears/he /pay the price/ is quite willing to/I ask /that
It appears that he is quite willing to pay the price I ask.
4. without any reason/my invitation/refuses /that/It/insulting /is/he
It is insulting that he refuses my invitation without any reason.
5. hard/It is/at this time/to say/we/next month/will be /where
It is hard to say where we will be at this time next month.
#Exercise 2#
把下面的句子按例句联成含有同位语子句的句子。e.g.
Your claim is nonsense. There is an elephant in my house.
---Your claim that there is an elephant in my house is nonsense.
1. The fact could not be denied. He had stolen my watch.
The fact that he had stolen my watch could not be denied.
2. The idea is obsolete. Son is better than daughter.
The idea that son is better than daughter is obsolete.
3.The information was important for the hunter. There were two hares on a stone.
The information that there were two hares on a stone was important for the hunter.
4. Your plan sounds interesting . We should spend this weekend at the beach resort.
Your plan that we should spend this weekend at the beach resort sounds interesting.
5. The judge's verdict was effective. The murderer should be sentenced to death.
The judge's verdict that the murderer should be sentenced to death was effective.
6. His claim caused a lot of protests. The subject of English may be cancelled.
His claim that the subject of English may be cancelled caused a lot of protests.
7. The news made people panic.There was a snake in this room.
The news that there was a snake in this room made people panic.
8. Your proposal will surely be disapproved. We should give up this examination.
Your proposal that we should give up this examination will surely be disapproved.
A. where the post office is.
B. that Mr. Clinton was elected the 42nd president of the United States.
C. that they would go shopping.
D. where my grandfather once lived.
E. as I was told to do.
F. that tomorrow will be a holiday.
G. what your father asked you to do just now.
H. that he was a famous football star in the past.
I. that supper will be ready very soon.
J. whether I have any difficulty in finishing the exercises.
#Exercise 3#
下列句子都不完整，请把最恰当的名词子句的代号填在后面括号内。
1. Have you started ( )?
G/g
2.They said ( ).
C/c
3. Will you show me ( )?
A/a
4. He always imagined ( ).
H/h
5. The news ( ) was broadcast world-wide on T.V.
B/b
6. My teacher asked me ( ).
J/j
7. The news ( )makes everyone happy.
F/f
8.I will do ( ).
E/e
9. The house ( )will be rebuilt.
D/d
10. It appears( ).
I/I
** Day 97 **
Z.Adverbial clause副词子句
副词子句(Adverbial clause) 包含有一个主词和动词，但它在句中对主动词（main verb）起修饰、限制作用，副词子句分为：
时间副词子句（adverbialclause of time），
地点副词子句（adverbial clause of place），
方式副词子句（adverbial clause of manner）
及原因副词子句（adverbial clause of reason），
目的副词子句（adverbial clause of purpose），
比较副词子句（adverbial clause
让步副词子句（adverbial clause of concession），
结果副词子句 （adverbial clause of result）。
a.时间副词子句 （Adverbial clause of time）
时间副词子句一般由连接词'when','whenever','once','since', 'while','until', 'as soon as', 'after','before'等引导，也可以用the moment,the minute引导。e.g.
1). She was overjoyed when she saw her mother again.
当她再次见到她母亲时，她欣喜若狂。
2). Whenever he sees rats, he gets goose pimples.
他一见到老鼠，就起鸡皮疙瘩。
3). I went to the movie once I had free time.
我一有空闲时间就去看电影。
4).Five years have passed since her mother died.
她母亲去世已五年了。
5). He ran until he was breathless.
他一直跑到喘不过气来为止。
6). As soon as I see her, I will tell her the news.
我一见到她就告诉她这条消息。
7). Soon after he jumps, the parachute will open.
他一跳起来，降落伞就会打开了。
8). Immediately he earns some money, he spends it.
他一赚到钱，随即就花了。
9). The sooner we start, the sooner we'll be there.
我们启程越早，到达那儿就越早。
10). Hardly had the performance begun when the light went out.
演出一开始，灯就灭了。
11). No sooner had he drunk the coffee than he began to feel drowsy.
他一喝咖啡就感到昏昏欲睡。
容易犯的错误：
1. 在时间副词子句中的将来式要用一般现在式代替。
1).I'll stay till you will get back.
I'll stay till you get back.
2).As soon as I'll have finished,I'll give you a call.
As soon as I have finished I'll give you a call.
但如果When引导的句子不是时间副词子句，其后面可用将来式。e.g.
He asked when the train would get in.
他问火车何时可以到达。
2.no sooner...than , hardly...when 置于句首引导时间副词子句时，副词子句的动词要采用倒装式：
1).No sooner we had started than it began to rain.
No sooner had we started than it began to rain.
我们一出发，天就开始下雨。
2). Hardly the speaker had begun to say when he was interrupted.
Hardly had the speaker begun to say when he was interrupted.
那位发言人一开始演讲就被打断了。
b. 地点副词子句
（Adverbial clause of place）
地点副词子句一般由 'where','wherever'连接词等引导。e.g.
1). Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
2). You can plant the seeds where they will grow best.
你可以把种子种植在其生长最好的地方。
3).Whenever I have any questions, I will turn to Mark.
每当我有问题时，我都去请教Mark。
4). Where there is water and air,there is life.
有空气和水的地方就有生命。
5). I'm still living where my grandfather lived.
我仍旧住在我祖父曾居住过的地方。
c. 方式副词子句（Adverbial clause of manner）
方式副词子句是说明事情是如何办成，用什么方式办成，一般由连接词'as','if','as', 'as though'等引导。e.g.
1). She treats her students as if they were her children.
她待她的学生就如同他们是她的孩子一样。
2). Tony danced as if he were a robbot.
Tony 跳舞跳得像一个机械人。
3). She behaves as a well-educated lady.
她举止如同一个受过良好教育的女子一样。
4). He runs as if he were flying.
他奔跑如飞。
5). He behaves as if he were the boss of this company.
他举止就如同他是这家公司的老板。
容易犯的错误：
Our company manager treats us as if we are machines.
该句应改为：
Our company manager treats us as if we were machines.
如果引导句子叙述的是不可能成为事实的假设时，其动词应采用过去式或过去完成式。e.g.
They looked as though they had seen a ghost.
They looked as though they have seen a ghost.
** Day 98 **
d. 原因副词子句（Adverbial clause of reason）
原因副词子句用来说明某件事为什么会发生，一般由'because','since','as'等引导。e.g.
1). Jane didn't attend the meeting as she was ill.
Jane不能出席会议，因为她病了。
2). The plane didn't take off because there was a storm.
因为有风暴，飞机不能起飞。
3).Since you won't take advice there is no point in asking for it.
既然你不愿接受建议，就不用问了。
4). I put on the thick jacket as it will be very cold tonight.
由于今晚将很寒冷，所以我穿上这一件厚厚的外套。
5). The old woman feels lonely because her husband has died and her children all left her.
因为她丈夫已死，孩子们又都离去了，这位老太太很感孤独。
for 也可以用来引导子句（clause），对主句（main clause）作补充说明作用，但它不是从属连接词（subordinate conjunction）,故它与because在用法上有一些区别。
(1).because 引导的子句（subordinate clause）可置于主句（main clause）之前，放在句首，而for引导的子句却不能放在句首。
We stayed home,for it was raining heavily.
因为雨下得很大，故我们就留在家中。
For it was raining heavily, we stayed at home.
Because Tod was ill, he didn't go to school.
因为Tod病了，所以他没有去上学。
Tod didn't go to school because he was ill.
(2). for引导的子句前面不可用not, but或任何其他的连接词。e.g.
He failed in the examination not because he hadn't studied hard but because he fell ill right at that time.
他没考及格，不是因为他没努力学习，而是因为他恰好在那个时候生病了。该句中的because不可用for替换。
(3). for 引导的子句不能用以回答由why引起的问题。e.g.
A: Why were you late?
为什么迟到了？
B: I was late because something was wrong with my watch.
因为我手表出了毛病，所以迟到了。
该段对话中的because不能用for替换。
在中文里，"因为…所以"要前后对应，同时出现，而在英语里，在同一个句子，"因为"（because）, "所以"（so）却不能同时用：
Because it's very hot here in summer, so the air-conditioners sell well.
ecause it's very hot here in summer, the air-conditioners sell well.
因为这里夏天很热，所以空调很好卖。
It's very hot here in summer, so the air-conditioners sell well.又如：
As we hadn't any money, we couldn't buy anything to eat.
As we hadn't any money, so we couldn't buy anything to eat.
由于我们没一点钱，所以我们无法买东西吃。或：
We hadn't any money, so we couldn't buy anything to eat.
e. 目的副词子句（Adverbial clause of purpose）
目的副词子句是一个由连接词等引导的从属子句（subordinate clause），用以说明某一行为的目的（objective），从属子句中的主词（subject）可以与主句（main clause）的主词一致，也可以不同。e.g.
(1).I get up early so that I could catch the first bus.
我很早就起床了，以便能赶上第一班公共汽车。
主句主词与从属子句主词一致，故该句可以用不定词（infinitive）形式表达。
I got up early to catch the first bus.
我起床很早是为了赶上第一班公共汽车。
或：I got up early in order to catch the first bus.
或：I got up early so as to catch the first bus.
(2). Ships carry lifeboats so that the crew can escape if the ship sinks.
轮船带有救生艇是为了若船下沉，船员们能逃生。
（主句主词与从属子句主词不一致）该句不可改为不定词表达。目的副词子句（Adverbial clause of purpose）通常以以下形式表达：
A> ...so that/in order that +subject + will/would/can/could/may/might/should +infinitive(不定词)......e.g.
1). Paul studied hard so that he passed the examination.
Paul 努力温习，结果考试合格。
2). We climbed up to the top of the mountain so that we could see the sea.
我们爬上山顶，以便能见到大海。
3). They ran very fast in order that they might catch the train.
他们跑得很快，希望能及时上车。
4). They wrote the notices in sever allanguages so that foreign tourists could (= would be able to)understand them.
他们用几种语言写出通告，以便那些外国游客能理解。
5). I will light the fire so that the house will be warm when my parents return.
我要生火，以便我父母回来时房间里是暖和的。
6). He wrote his diary in cipher so that his wife wouldn't be able to read it.
他用暗语写日记，以防止妻子读懂。
7). Criminals usually telephone from public telephone boxes so that the police won't be able tom trace the call.
犯罪分子通常从公用电话亭打电话，以防止警察跟踪其呼叫。
容易犯的错误：
(1)如果我们想表达:"为了不让我离开，他把我的鞋拿走了。"
可以说：He took my shoes so that I couldn't leave the house.
他把我鞋拿走了，为的是不让我走。但不可说：
"He took my shoes so I couldn't leave the house."该句的意思不同。译成中文可说：他拿走了我的鞋子，结果我不能离开那间屋子。
(2) "He turned the radio loud so that everyone could hear the news."与" He turned the radio loud so everyone could hear the news."不同。前句表示"他把收音机开得很大，以便每个人都可听到新闻。"而后者表示"他把收音机开得很大，结果每人都听到了新闻。"所以，"so that"是用以表示目的。
#Exercise 4#
判断下列句子中，哪些副词子句是(a)时间副词子句，哪些是(b)地点副词子句，哪些是(c)方式副词子句。
1. Put the chair,where it was.
b
2. We will wait for you until it gets dark.
a
3. My brother has been watching television since he got back from hospital this morning.
a
4.He did the work as I had told him(to do).
c
5.These men searched for coal beds wherever there are mountains.
b
6. You snored while you were sleeping.
a
7. My grandpa behaves as though he were a child.
c
8.He rode as fast as he could.
c
9.She fell to the ground just as she reached the finishing line.
a
10. Before the bell rang I entered the classroom.
a
A. as if he had wings.
B. where the soil is good and there is enough water.
C. as expected
D. as if it had been shot in the leg.
E. after she finished singing.
F. as she finished marking the paper.
G. what the teacher said.
H. as I walked.
I. before dawn breaks.
J. until she got tired.
K. before I met you.
L. where everyone could see them.
M. as long as you return it after using it.
#Exercise 5#
给下面每个主句（main clause）配上一个副词子句，将正确的从属子句的代号填在后面的括号内。
1. The taxi came to my hotel ( )
C/c
2. He usually gets up for early morning exercise( )
I/i
3. I didn't know you can speak English ( )
K/k
4. The teacher pinned up the exam results ( )
F/f
5. My dog is limping ( )
D/d
6. I sang ( )
H/h
7. The rice must be grown in a place ( )
B/b
8. He ran very fast ( )
A/a
9. She sang songs one by one ( )
J/j
10. The fans gave the singer a standing ovation ( )
E/e
11. Donna was absent-minded about ( )
G/g
12. You may use my dictionary ( )
M/m
#Exercise 6#
将下列每组的两个句子用括号内所给的词连接起来。example:
It was getting dark, we found a hotel to stay at.(so)
It was getting dark so we found a hotel to stay at.
1.David could not attend the party.
He had to look after his grandpa at home. (because)
David could not attend the party because he had to look after his grandpa at home.
2. Why don't you tell her about it?
You have fallen in love with her. (since)
Since you have fallen in love with her, why don't you tell her about it?
3. John has been swimming for three hours.
He is exhausted now. (therefore)
John has been swimming for three hours, therefore he is exhausted now.
4. Batty turnedn down the recorder. She didn't want to wake her parents.(as)
Batty turned down the recorder as she didn't want to wake her parents.
5. Tommy is too short.
He can't jump over the hurdle.(so)
Tommy is too short so he can't jump over the hurdle.
** Day 99 **
f. 结果副词子句
（Adverbial clause of result）
结果副词子句是由连接词"so", "and so", "such…that","so…that"等引导的从属句（subordinate clause）。说明某行为产生的结果。e.g.
1). Joan sings beautifully, so she won the singing contest.
Joan 唱歌十分悦耳，结果赢了那歌唱比赛。
2). She got up too late so she missed the train.
她起床太晚了结果没赶上火车。
3). There has been much rain these days and so it caused floods in the low-lying parts of the city.
这些日子雨水很多，城市低洼地带，又发了洪灾。
4). David is such a kind man that he has many good friends.
David 为人善良，故他有很多知心友。
5). She has made such rapid progress that her father praised her for it.
她进步很快，为此她父亲表扬了她。
6). He is so arrogant that nobody is willing to work with him.
他很傲慢，没人愿意与他共事。
7). Their dog was so fierce that no one dared to come near it.
他们的狗很凶，没人敢接近它。
8). They had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house.
他们有一条异常凶猛的狗，结果没人敢走近他们房子。
9). There was so much steam in the bathroom that we couldn't see each other.
洗澡间蒸气很大，我们彼此都看不见对方。
10).So many people complained about their small salary that in the end the boss had to give each a rise.
很多人抱怨薪水太低，结果老板给每个人加了一次薪。
such是形容词，用于"形容词+名词"之前，结构为：
such + a/an +adj （形容词）+ n.（可数名词为单数）及：such + adj（形容词）+ n.（不可数名词或可数名词复数）e.g.
1). He spoke for such a long time that people began to fall asleep.
他说了那么长时间结果人们都开始睡觉。
2). They have such lovely children that all the colleagues admired them.
他们有很可爱的孩子，引起所有同事的羡慕。
3). He is so kind a man that all of us respect him.
他很善良，我们大家都尊敬他。
如果想加强语气，so提到句首，其后的主词（subject）应与动词（verb）倒装。e.g.
1).So terrible was the storm that whole roofs were ripped off.
风暴很大，所有屋顶都吹裂了。
2). So suspicious did he become that he was afraid to go out alone.
他变得非常多疑，结果他害怕一个人出去。
容易犯的错误：
1). There was such much dust that we couldn't see what was happening.
There was so much dust that we couldn't see what was happening.
灰尘很大，我们无法看见到底发生了什么事。
2). I had such many falls that I was black and blue all over the body.
I had so many falls that I was black and blue all over the body.
我跌了许多跤，以至于全身都青一块，紫一块。
such永远不用于much及many之前，因此当much及many后面接有名词时，应该用so.g. 比较副词子句（Adverbial clause of comparison）比较副词子句是由连接词'so…as', 'such …as', 'as…as','than','the…the',引导，表示两个行为或情况的比较。e.g.
1). Mrs. Lam is as good a teacher as Mrs. Fok.
林太太与霍太太均为优秀的老师。
2). This year's Miss Universe is not so beautiful as past year's.
本年度的环球小姐没有去年的那一位那么漂亮。
3).The more polite you are, the more people like you.
你越有礼貌，人们愈喜欢你。
4). He runs faster than me/than I do.
他跑得比我快。
5). It is even darker today than it was yesterday.
今天较昨天天色要暗一些。
6). Tom drove more carefully than Ann (did).
Tom驾车比Ann小心。
7). I can swim better than him (better than he can).
我游泳比他游得好。
8). She makes more money in a week than I do/make in a fortnight.
她一周赚的钱比我两周赚的钱还多。
9).He works harder than I did at his age.
他现在工作比我在他这个年龄工作还刻苦。
10).He is stronger than he looks.
他实际上比他看起来还强壮。
须注意几个问题：
1). as…as 及 not so/as…as与形容词或副词的原级共用。e.g.
He is as fast a runner as she is.
The book is not so inteesting as the previous one. 而
than则与比较级共用。e.g.
He runs faster than me/than I do.
It is even darker today than it was yesterday.
Tom drove more carefully than Ann (did).
I can swim better than him (better than he can).
2). 若两个子句（clause）的主词（subject）不同而其助动词及动词的时式（tense and mood）相同时，后面可以只接名词（noun）/代名词（pronoun）e.g.
The book is not so interesting as the previous one.
He runs faster than me.
Tom drove more carefully than Ann.
I can swim better than him.
3). 当两个子句主词相同而动词时式（tense）有所改变时，以及当第二个子句扩展延伸时，动词不可省略。e.g.
It is even darker today than it was yesterday.
She makes more money in a week than I do/make in a fortnight.
He works harder than I did at his age.
容易犯的错误：
(1) It is better to say little than saying too much.
(2) It is as easy to do it right as doing it wrong.
若as/than前面的动词是（或含有）不定词时，as/than后面亦接不定词（infinitive），故以上两个错句应改为：
It is better to say little than (to) say too much.
It is as easy to do it right as (to) do it wrong.
若than/as之前的动词是动名词（Gerund）或当动作是以代名词（pronoun）来表示时，than/as 后的动词也要用动名词表示：e.g.
(1) Skiing is more exciting than (to) skate.
Skiing is more exciting than skating.
(2) He cleaned his shoes, which was better than do nothing.
He cleaned his shoes, which was better than doing nothing.
h.让步副词子句(Adverbial clause of concession)是一种由连接词'though', 'although','even though', 'even if','no matter','much as'等引导的从属子句（subordinate clause）, 它表明两个行为或环境竖对照（contrast）。e.g.
1).Though/Although he was angry, he listened to me patiently.
尽管他很生气，但他仍耐心听我讲。或 He listened to me patiently though he was angry.
他仍耐心听我讲，尽管他很生气。
2). Even if / Even though you don't like him, you can still be polite.
即使你不喜欢他，也要有礼貌。
3). No matter what you do, don't uncover this box.
无论你做其他什么都可以，只是别揭开这个箱子。
4). Whatever you do, don't tell him that I told you this.
无论你做什么，千万别告诉他我已告诉了你这件事。
5). However rich people are, they always feel anxious to make more money.
无论人们多有钱，他们都渴求赚更多的钱。
6). Patient as he was, he had no intention of waiting for two or three hours.
尽管他很有耐心，他也不愿等上两三个小时。
7). Poor as he is, he is honest.
尽管他穷，但他很诚实。
8). Much as I like it, I will not buy it.
尽管我很喜欢它，但我是不会买的。
9). However frightened you may be,you must remain outwardly calm.
无论你多恐慌，表面上你得保持镇静。容易犯的错误：
(1) An English teacher as he is, he knows little about English grammar.
(2) As he is young, he is very brave.
以上两句都是由 as引导的让步副词子句（Adverbial clause of concession），均是错误的。由as引导让步副词子句的结构应为：
Adj（形容词）+ as+subject（主词）+be…或Adv.（副词）+ as + subject（主词）+ Verb （动词）…或：n（名词）+as +subject （主词）+be…若此处名词为单数名词，其前不应加a/an.故以上两个错句可改为：
English teacher as he is, he knows little about English grammar.
尽管他是英语教师，他懂的英语文法不多。
Young as he is, he is very brave.
尽管他小，但他很勇敢。
A
B
C
D
-- Day 100 --
选择正确答案，使句子完整，将正确答案输入。
Example:
He spoke # C # he had been scared.
A. when
B. like as
C. as though
D. as
1. We
congratulated her
# # she had wonm the Nobel Prize for literature.
A. though
B. as
C. on account
D. before
B/b
2. # #, but she has got three children.
A. Even though she is only twenty
B. Even if she is only twenty
C. Though she is only twenty
D. She is only twenty
D/d
3. He takes extra time to do the job properly # # he can get a rise.
A. to
B. because
C. so that
D. as
C/c
4. # # I had a cold, I didn't go to see the football match.
A. Because
B. Owing to
C. Due
D. On account for
A/a
5. I will inform you of it # # I get any news about your job.
A. soon
B. even if
C. as soon as
D. until
C/c
6. All the lights went out # # the clock struck ten.
A. when
B. as if
C. unless
D. while
A/a
7. # # they had lost the match, they didn't feel discouraged.
A. Although
B. No matter
C. Despite
D. However
A/a
8. I bought my wife a new dress # # she could look nice for the party.
A. since
B. so that
C. such that
D. to
B/b
9. # # they had to put off the meeting.
A. It was because the chairman was ill that
B. The chairman was ill in order that
C. The chairman was ill that
D. The chairman was ill as
A/a
10. He is # #an old man # #no company is willing to take him.
A. so.. so
B. such.. that
C. such.. so
D. so.. because
B/b
11. You must do the exercise # # I show you.
A. what
B. according to
C. as
D. after
C/c
12. Automobiles speed along there # # the street were a race track.
A. even though
B. regardless of
C. where
D. as if
D/d
13. Don't do anything simply # # other people are doing it.
A. when
B. however
C. because
D. because of
C/c
14. It was # # he was ill that he didn't go with us.
A. since
B. because
C. as
D. about
B/b
15.It is morning, # # the birds are singing.
A. for
B. because
C. when
D. after
A/a
16. # # , he did not pass the examination.
A. Hard as he studied
B. As he was studying hard
C. As hard he studied
D. Hard as did he study
A/a
17. I didn't go to work yesterday # #the storm.
A. because
B. as
C. since
D. because of
D/d
18. It was # #a terrible experience # #
I will never forget it.
A. so as...that
B. so...that
C. such...as
D. such...that
D/d
19. The temperature lowered # # much that the water froze.
A. too
B. such
C. so
D. as
C/c
20. The engine will not run efficiently # # the correct fuel is not used.
A. unless
B. if
C. for
D. as
B/b
21. You can go out, # # you promise to be back before eleven.
A. unless
B. as long as
C. so that
D. as if
B/b
22. # #, you may go.
A. You once finish early
B. Whether you finish early
C. If you finish early
D. If you will finish early
C/c
23. # # everybody leaves you, I will not.
A. In spite of
B. Although
C. Unless
D. Because
B/b
24. You can't get off the bus # #it has stopped.
A. if
B. until
C. as
D. when
B/b
25. # # than she fainted.
A. Hardly had she heard the news
B. She had hardly heard the news
C. No sooner had she heard the news
D. She no sooner heard the news
C/c
26. I had better call my mother, # # she'll start worrying about me.
A. in case
B. unless
C. otherwise
D. if
C/c
27. # # you speak both Japanese and Chinese fluently will you be considered for that job.
A. If
B. Only if
C. When
D. Unless
B/b
28. # # you find high wages, you will generally find high prices.
A. That
B. When
C. Where
D. There
C/c
29. He walks # #he were drunk.
A. as if
B. as
C. like
D. when
A/a
30. # # the cold weather, we stayed home.
A. Because
B. In spite of
C. Due to
D. Now that
C/c
#Exercise 8#
判断下列句子是否正确。
R:right W:wrong
1. Although he is rich and famous, but he doesn't feel happy.W/w
2. Though he has very bad health, yet he keeps studying.W/w
3.As he was young , his mother left him.R/r
4.As he is young,he knows a lot.W/w
5. A little boy as he is, he is very brave.W/w
6. It was rather late then, we therefore camped at the foot of a mountain.R/r
7. Immediately does he have any food he eats it up .W/w
8. These men risk their lives in order that we live more safely.W/w
9. My elder brother is clever than me.W/w
10. He works harder than I at his age.W/w
